{"id":1430,"date":"2025-11-27T20:31:54","date_gmt":"2025-11-27T12:31:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/?p=1430"},"modified":"2025-11-27T21:58:37","modified_gmt":"2025-11-27T13:58:37","slug":"lora_training","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/algorithm_learning\/lora_training\/","title":{"rendered":"Lora\u5fae\u8c03\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u91ca"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n<p>LoRA(Low-Rank Adaptation)\u5fae\u8c03\u662f\u5fae\u8f6f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u57282021\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03(Parameter-efficient Fine-tuning PEFT)\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u3001\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684AI\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>LoRA\u4e0e\u5168\u53c2\u5fae\u8c03\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u533a\u522b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>LoRA\u5fae\u8c03\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u66f4\u65b0\u6743\u91cd<\/li>\n<li>LoRA\u5fae\u8c03\u901a\u8fc7\u77e9\u9635\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u6743\u91cd\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5927\u77e9\u9635\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u8bad\u7ec3\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u77e9\u9635\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5168\u5c3a\u5bf8\u77e9\u9635\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u5206\u89e3\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u7684\u503c\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u89e3\u77e9\u9635\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u66f4\u65b0\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/youpaiyun.lingbo.online\/2025\/11\/20251127113538997.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728LoRA\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5fe0\uff0c\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u77e9\u9635\u5206\u89e3\u51fa\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u77e9\u9635\u79f0\u4e3a&quot;\u66f4\u6539\u77e9\u9635&quot;\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u671f\u671b\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u6743\u91cd\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u77e9\u9635\u662f\u51680\u7684\u7a7a\u677f\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u6279\u7684\u635f\u5931\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u65b0\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<br \/>\n\u5c06\u53d8\u5316\u77e9\u9635\u76f8\u4e58\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5fae\u8c03\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6839\u636eLoRA\u8bba\u6587\uff0cLoRA\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u8282\u77013\u500d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5728RoBERTa\u3001DeBERTa\u3001GPT-2\u548cGPT-3\u4e0a\uff0cLoRA\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u8d28\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u548c\u8c03\u4f18\u76f8\u5f53\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/youpaiyun.lingbo.online\/2025\/11\/20251127115520115.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u7528\u79e9\u63d0\u9ad8LoRA\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671bLoRA\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u52a0\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u53d8\u5316\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u79e9\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u79e9\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u8bad\u7ec3\u5c42\u5927\u5c0f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u5316\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u7cbe\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/youpaiyun.lingbo.online\/2025\/11\/20251127115851694.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>QLoRA<\/h3>\n<p>QLoRA\u56e2\u961f\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578bNormalFloat\uff0c\u5c06\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u4ece16\u4f4d\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u538b\u7f29\u52304\u4f4d\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4ee5\u505a\u5c0f\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u635f\u5931\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u539f\u6a21\u578b\u4f7f\u752816\u4f4d\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a4\u4f4d\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u51cf\u5c114\u500d\u3002<br \/>\nQLoRA\u540c\u6837\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0e\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a16\u4f4d\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u540e\uff0c4\u4f4dNormalFloats\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u800c\u8d28\u91cf\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>LoRA\u8bad\u7ec3\u8d85\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528LLaMA-Factory\u8fdb\u884clora\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u548cLoRA\u7ed3\u6784\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cLoRA\u7ed3\u6784\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">fineturning_type:lora # \u5b9a\u4e49\u5fae\u8c03\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3alora\u5fae\u8c03\nlora_rank\uff1a8-32 # \u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u89e3\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u79e9\uff0c7\/8B\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03\u4e00\u822c\u9009\u62e98-16\uff0c32B\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8003\u865132\u621664\nlora_alpha\uff1a2-4*rank # \u7f29\u653e\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u5e38\u752832\uff08rank=16\uff09\u621664\uff08rank=32\uff09\nlora_dropout:0.05-0.1 # \u4ec5\u9488\u5bf9\u6295\u5f71\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u52300.1\u9632\u6b62\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\nlora_target\uff1aall|specific module # all\u2014\u2014\u628aattention+ffn\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5c42\u5168\u90e8\u63d2\u5165LoRA\uff1b\u5217\u8868[q_proj,v_proj]:\u4ec5\u63d2\u5728Q\/V\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u7ea6\u7b49\u4e8e1\/3,\u663e\u5b58\u7d27\u5f20\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628ak_proj\u3001o_proj\u3001gate_proj\u7b49\u6309\u9700\u52a0\u5165<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">per_device_train_batch_size\uff1a2 # \u5355\u5361batch\uff0c\u663e\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u5c31=1\ngradient_accumulation_steps: 4\/8 # \u75284\u62168\u628abatch\u62d3\u5c55\u52308-16\nlearning_rate:5e-6 # \u5b66\u4e60\u7387\nnum_train_epochs # \u8bad\u7ec3epoch\nlr_scheduler_type # \u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u8ba1\u5212\nwarmup_rate\/warmup_steps # \u5148\u7f13\u5347\u518d\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u524d\u671f\u8bad\u5d29\nweight_decay # \u6b63\u5219\u9879\nmax_grad_norm # \u68af\u5ea6\u88c1\u526a\u9608\u503c\nbf16\/fp16 # A100\u7528bf16\uff0c40\u7cfb\u663e\u5361\u7528fp16\ncutoff_len # \u6837\u672c\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\uff0cOOM\u5148\u780d\u4ed6\nsave_steps # \u6bcfN\u6b65\u5b58\u4e00\u6b21ckpt\nlogging_steps # \u65e5\u5fd7\u9891\u7387\nplot_loss # \u8bad\u7ec3\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed8\u5236\u635f\u5931\u66f2\u7ebf<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb LoRA(Low-Rank Adaptation)\u5fae\u8c03\u662f\u5fae\u8f6f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u57282021\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03(Parameter-e &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"emotion":"","emotion_color":"","title_style":"","license":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[45,2],"tags":[68,67,69],"class_list":["post-1430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-llms","category-algorithm_learning","tag-fine-tuning","tag-lora","tag-peft"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1430"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1436,"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1430\/revisions\/1436"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingbo.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}